A simple proof for Euler's formula

Euler's formula:
$$e^{i\theta}=\cos \theta + i \sin \theta$$
Let $f(\theta )=e^{i\theta}$ and $g(\theta )= \cos \theta + i \sin \theta$, considering $i$ as a constant, lets make our first contact with the proof we need. For $\theta = 0$,  we see that $f(0) = g(0) = 1$, but this is not enough for saying that both functions are actually equal. Then, we will just make our first derivative of both functions:
$$f'(\theta) = e^{i \theta} \cdot \frac{d \left ( i \theta \right )}{d \theta}=e^{i \theta } \cdot i := i \cdot f(\theta)$$
$$g ' (\theta) = -\sin \theta + i \cos \theta = i^2 \sin \theta + i \cos \theta := i \cdot g(\theta)$$
We got the same differential equation for both functions. This means there is gonna be, at first: one general solution that includes both functions. But considering that the point $P(0,1)$ belongs to $f(\theta)$ and $g(\theta)$ at the same time, the constant that appears in the general solution will disappear. In other words, the function that works as solution for both differential equations is the same.

Comentarios

Entradas populares de este blog

VALOR ABSOLUTO

POLINOMIO DE TAYLOR

MÉTODO DE NEWTON-RAPHSON